Arquivos de Asma, Alergia e Imunologia
https://www.aaai-asbai.org.br/article/doi/10.5935/2526-5393.20170019
Arquivos de Asma, Alergia e Imunologia
Artigo Especial

Guia prático de atualização em dermatite atópica - Parte I: etiopatogenia, clínica e diagnóstico. Posicionamento conjunto da Associação Brasileira de Alergia e Imunologia e da Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria

Updated practical guide on atopic dermatitis - Part I: etiopathogenesis, clinical features, and diagnosis. Joint position paper of the Brazilian Association of Allergy and Immunology and the Brazilian Society of Pediatrics

Adriana A. Antunes; Dirceu Solé; Vânia O. Carvalho; Ana E. Kiszewski Bau; Fábio C. Kuschnir; Márcia C. Mallozi; Jandrei R. Markus; Maria G. Nascimento e Silva; Mário C. Pires; Marice E. El Achkar Mello; Nelson A. Rosário Filho; Emanuel S. Cavalcanti Sarinho; Herberto J. Chong-Neto; Norma P. M. Rubini; Luciana R. Silva

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Resumo

A dermatite atópica (DA) é uma doença crônica e recidivante que acomete principalmente pacientes da faixa etária pediátrica. A fisiopatologia inclui fatores genéticos, alterações na barreira cutânea e imunológicas. A prevalência da DA no Brasil, entre adolescentes, oscila entre 7,1% e 12,5%, com tendência à estabilização. O diagnóstico é clínico, e exames complementares auxiliam na determinação dos fatores desencadeantes. A identificação dos fatores irritantes e/ou desencadeantes envolvidos permite melhor controle das crises. Entre os fatores desencadeantes destacam-se os agentes infecciosos, alérgenos alimentares e aeroalérgenos. Tomando-se como ponto de partida o “Guia Prático para o Manejo da Dermatite Atópica – opinião conjunta de especialistas em alergologia da Associação Brasileira de Alergia e Imunopatologia e da Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria” publicado em 2006, foi realizada revisão e atualização dos conceitos apresentados por grupo de alergologistas, dermatologistas e pediatras especializados no tratamento de pacientes com DA. O objetivo desta revisão foi elaborar um documento prático e que auxilie na compreensão dos mecanismos envolvidos na DA, assim como dos possíveis fatores de risco associados a sua apresentação, bem como sobre a avaliação subsidiária disponível para a identificação dos fatores associados à DA.

Palavras-chave

Dermatite atópica, fatores de risco, diagnóstico clínico, Staphylococcus aureus, IgE específica, teste cutâneo, alergia alimentar.

Keywords

Atopic dermatitis, risk factors, clinical diagnosis, Staphylococcus aureus, specific IgE, skin test, food allergy.

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