Avaliação dos fatores de risco associados ao broncoespasmo induzido pelo exercício em crianças e adolescentes sem diagnóstico prévio de asma
Assessment of risk factors associated with exercise-induced bronchospasm in children and adolescents without prior diagnosis of asthma
Luciana Oliveira e Silva; Patricia Leão da Silva; Morgana Borges Silva; Nadia Cheik
Resumo
Objetivo: Avaliar os fatores de risco associados ao broncoespasmo induzido pelo exercício (BIE) em crianças e adolescentes sem diagnóstico prévio de asma por meio dos parâmetros espirométricos. Métodos: 90 voluntários acima do percentil 85th do peso (EP) e 30 eutróficos (EU) participaram deste estudo. Foi realizado teste de broncoprovocação de acordo com o protocolo de Del Rio-Navarro et al. (2000), utilizando-se esteira ergométrica. O BIE foi considerado positivo quando o voluntário apresentou redução ≥ 10% do volume expiratório forçado no primeiro segundo (VEF1) basal, ou redução ≥ 26% do fluxo expiratório forçado entre 25 e 75% da capacidade vital forçada (FEF25-75%). Resultados: Houve associação do excesso de massa corpórea com o BIE demonstrado nas crianças e adolescentes, o que não foi observado com o nível de atividade física. Além disso, o diagnóstico positivo de BIE apresentou reduções significativas da função pulmonar até uma hora pós-exercício avaliado pelos métodos VEF1 e FEF25‑75% da espirometria. Conclusão: O excesso de massa corporal pode influenciar no aumento da frequência de BIE em crianças e adolescentes sem o diagnóstico prévio de asma quando comparado a eutróficos por diferentes parâmetros na espirometria.
Palavras-chave
Abstract
Objective: To assess risk factors associated with exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB) in children and adolescents without prior diagnosis of asthma using spirometric parameters. Methods: 90 volunteers above the 85th percentile for weight (overweight) and 30 eutrophic participants were included in this study. EIB testing was performed according to the protocol proposed in 2000 by Del Rio-Navarro et al., using a treadmill. The EIB test was considered positive when there was a decrease of 10% or more in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) or a reduction of 26% or more in forced expiratory flow between 25 and 75% of the forced vital capacity (FEF25-75%). Results: There was an association between EIB and excess body mass in children and adolescents, but not between EIB and level of physical activity. Furthermore, the diagnosis of EIB was associated with prolonged significant reductions in pulmonary function parameters FEV1 and FEF25‑75%. Conclusion: Excess body weight may increase the frequency of BIE in children and adolescents without prior diagnosis of asthma when compared with eutrophic subjects, based on different spirometric parameters.
Keywords
Referências
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Submetido em:
15/03/2017
Aceito em:
23/06/2017
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