Arquivos de Asma, Alergia e Imunologia
https://www.aaai-asbai.org.br/article/doi/10.5935/2526-5393.20180020
Arquivos de Asma, Alergia e Imunologia
Artigo Especial

Diretrizes da Associação Brasileira de Alergia e Imunologia e Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria para sibilância e asma no pré-escolar

Guidelines of the Brazilian Association of Allergy and Immunology and the Brazilian Society of Pediatrics for wheezing and asthma in preschool children

Herberto J. Chong Neto; Dirceu Solé; Paulo Camargos; Nelson A. Rosário; Emanuel C. Sarinho; Débora Carla Chong-Silva; Bernardo Kiertsman; Antônio C. Pastorino; Flávio Sano; Marilyn Urrutia-Pereira; Gustavo F. Wandalsen; Ana Caroline Dela Bianca de Melo; Bruno A. Paes Barreto; Fábio C Kuschnir; Joel Cunha; Luciana R. Silva; Mariane Cordeiro A. Franco; Maria Luisa O. Alonso; Murilo Britto; Neusa F. Wandalsen; Norma M. P. Rubini; Sidnei Ferreira

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Resumo

A asma é uma das doenças crônicas de maior frequência na infância. Parcela significativa de crianças com asma desenvolve sintomas nos primeiros anos de vida, mas nem sempre a sua confirmação diagnóstica é fácil. Outras causas de sibilância que podem gerar confusão diagnóstica, além da complexidade para a obtenção de medidas objetivas, tais como a realização de provas de função pulmonar nessa faixa etária, são justificativas para esse fato. Especialistas na abordagem desses pacientes, da Associação Brasileira de Alergia e Imunologia e da Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria, após revisão extensa da literatura pertinente elaboraram esse documento, onde são comentados os possíveis agentes etiológicos, prevalência, diagnóstico diferencial, assim como tratamento e prevenção da sibilância e asma em pré-escolares.

Palavras-chave

Asma, pré-escolares, alergia, vírus, tratamento.

Abstract

Asthma is one of the most frequent chronic diseases in childhood. A significant portion of children with asthma develop symptoms in the first years of life, but diagnostic confirmation is not always easy. The difficulty is justified by other causes of wheezing that can generate diagnostic confusion, and by the complexity involved in obtaining objective measures – such as pulmonary function tests – in this age group. Specialists with expertise in the approach of these patients, from both the Brazilian Association of Allergy and Immunology and the Brazilian Society of Pediatrics, after extensive review of the pertinent literature, developed this document to discuss possible etiological agents, prevalence, differential diagnosis, as well as treatment and prevention of wheezing and asthma in preschool children.

Keywords

Asthma, preschool children, allergy, virus, treatment.

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