Papel do microbioma na resposta imune e na asma
Role of microbiome in immunity and asthma
Hisbello S. Campos
Resumo
Nos últimos vinte anos, passamos a reconhecer que o corpo humano hospeda, em condições normais, uma quantidade de microrganismos que supera o número de células do nosso organismo. A interação desses micróbios, seus genomas e seus metabolitos com nosso organismo desempenha papel relevante no desenvolvimento e funcionamento dos nossos órgãos e sistemas, como o imune e o neurológico, por exemplo. A reviravolta nos conceitos de patogenicidade dos microrganismos revogou a crença sobre “assepsia” de muitos de nossos órgãos, como o pulmão. Atualmente, sabe-se que o aparelho respiratório, em condições saudáveis, é colonizado por diversas comunidades de microrganismos. Há indícios de que desequilíbrios nas proporções das diferentes espécies (disbioses) que convivem nas vias respiratórias desempenham papel relevante na patogênese de diversas doenças pulmonares, incluindo a asma. Por essa razão, o desenvolvimento de compostos microbiológicos que corrijam disbioses vem sendo alvo de inúmeros estudos. Possivelmente, tais compostos farão parte da abordagem terapêutica da asma e de diversas outras doenças respiratórias.
Palavras-chave
Abstract
Over the last twenty years, we came to recognize that the human body normally houses a number of microorganisms that exceeds the number of cells. The interaction of these microbes, their genomes and their metabolites with our body plays a relevant role in the development and functioning of our organs and systems, such as the immune and the neurological systems. The switch in the concept of the pathogenicity of microorganisms revoked the belief in the "asepsis" of many of our organs, such as the lung. Currently, it is known that the respiratory tract, under healthy conditions, is colonized by several communities of microorganisms. There are indications that imbalances in the proportions of different species (dysbiosis) coexisting in the respiratory airways play an important role in the pathogenesis of various lung diseases, including asthma. For this reason, the development of microbiological compounds that correct dysbioses has been the subject of numerous studies. Possibly, such compounds will soon be part of the therapeutic approach to asthma and various other respiratory diseases.
Keywords
Referências
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Submetido em:
15/02/2018
Aceito em:
19/04/2018
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