Arquivos de Asma, Alergia e Imunologia
https://www.aaai-asbai.org.br/article/doi/10.5935/2526-5393.20200058
Arquivos de Asma, Alergia e Imunologia
Imagem em Alergia e Imunologia

Hiperplasia gengival durante uso de ciclosporina

Gingival hyperplasia during cyclosporine use

Gustavo Giovanni Ojeda Soley; Alex Isidoro Prado; Grazielly Fatima Pereira; Ariana Campos Yang; Fábio Fernandes Morato Castro

Downloads: 0
Views: 33

Resumo

Paciente do sexo masculino, com 24 anos, portador de dermatite atópica desde o primeiro ano de vida. Começou a evoluir com forma grave da dermatite atópica aos 17 anos, e devido à refratariedade clínica ao tratamento convencional tópico, foi encaminhado para serviço de referência. Após otimizar os cuidados com uso de emolientes, corticoides tópicos e cursos de antibioticoterapia, manteve persistência de eczema generalizado, com SCORAD oscilando entre 40 e 50 no período de 4 meses. Dessa forma, optou-se por terapia sistêmica, sendo iniciado o uso de ciclosporina oral na dose de 200 mg. A resposta terapêutica com a ciclosporina foi percebida após 4 semanas, sendo refletida na redução do escore de gravidade (SCORAD=10). Durante o seguimento, além da melhora clínica, eram monitorados potenciais eventos adversos. O paciente fez uso da ciclosporina durante 5 anos sem apresentar eventos adversos, com necessidade de aumento de dose para 300 mg/dia dois anos após início da medicação. Porém, neste quinto ano de uso da ciclosporina, o paciente apresentou hipertrofia gengival importante. Assim, optou-se por reduzir a dose de ciclosporina de 300 para 200 mg/dia. Nenhum outro sinal ou sintoma foi observado, e os exames laboratoriais também não mostraram qualquer toxicidade. O paciente se mostrou resistente à redução da medicação, pois o temor de piora das lesões de pele o aflige muito. Orientamos sobre a necessidade de melhorar a higiene bucal de forma disciplinada, e agendamos reavaliação clínica mensal. Além disso, foi encaminhado para avaliação odontológica.

Palavras-chave

Ciclosporina, hiperplasia gengival, dermatite atópica.

Abstract

A 24-year-old man had atopic dermatitis since the first year of life. He first developed a severe form of atopic dermatitis at the age of 17, and because of clinical refractoriness to conventional topical treatment, he was referred to an excellence center. After care was optimized with emollients, topical corticosteroids and courses of antibiotic therapy, generalized eczema persisted, with Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) score oscillating between 40 and 50 in a period of 4 months. Thus, systemic therapy was chosen, with use of oral cyclosporine at a dose of 200 mg. Therapeutic response with cyclosporine was observed after 4 weeks, with a reduction in the severity score (SCORAD = 10). During followup, in addition to clinical improvement, potential adverse events were monitored. The patient used cyclosporine for 5 years with no adverse events, requiring a dose increase to 300 mg 2 years after initiating the medication. However, in the 5th year of cyclosporine use, the patient had significant gingival hyperplasia. Thus, we decided to reduce the dose of cyclosporine from 300 to 200 mg. No other signs or symptoms were observed and laboratory tests also showed no toxicity. The patient was resistant to reducing the medication, as he feared the skin lesions would aggravate. We advised him on the need to improve oral hygiene in a disciplined manner and scheduled a monthly clinical reevaluation. In addition, he was referred to dental evaluation.

Keywords

Cyclosporine, gingival hyperplasia, atopic dermatitis.

Referências

1. Megna M, Napolitano M, Patruno C, Villani A, Balato A, Monfrecola G, et al. Systemic treatment of adult atopic dermatitis: a review. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2017;7(1):1-23.

2. Silverberg JI, Simpson EL. Association between severe eczema in children and multiple comorbid conditions and increased health careutilization. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2013;24(5):476‑86.

3. Castro MAP. Inibidores de calcineurina no tratamento das dermatoses alérgicas. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2006;82(5 Supl):S166‑72.

4. Simon D, Wollenberg A, Harald R, Simon H-E. Atopic Dermatitis: Collegium Internationale Allergologicum (CIA) Update 2019. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2019;178:207‑18.

5. Ponnaiyan D, Jegadeesan V. Cyclosporine A: Novel concepts in its role in drug-induced gingival overgrowth. Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2015; 2(6):499‑506.

6. Simon D, Bieber T. Systemic therapy for atopic dermatitis. Allergy.2014;69(1):46-55.

7. Garritsen FM, Roekevisch E, van der Schaft J, Deinum J, Spuls PI, de Bruin-Weller MS. Ten years experience with oral immunosuppressive treatment in adult patients with atopic dermatitis in two academic centes. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2015;29(10):1905-12.

8 Aliaga GLC, Anagusko CLY, Gomes LS, Mamede LQ, Moraes P, Cunha PS, et al. Efeitos adversos do uso de ciclosporina em pacientes com dermatite atópica grave. Arq Asma Alerg Imunol. 2020;4(1):99-102.

9. Herink M, Ito MK. Medication Induced Changes in Lipid and Lipoproteins. In: Feingold KR, Anawalt B, Boyce A, et al., eds. Endotext. South Dartmouth (MA): MDText.com, Inc.; May 10, 2018. PMID: 26561699.

10. O'Valle F, Mesa F, Aneiros J, Gómez-Morales M, Lucena MA, Ramírez C, et al. Gingival overgrowth induced by nifedipine and cyclosporin A. Clinical and morphometric study with image analysis. J Clin Periodontol. 1995;22(8):591-7.

11. Samudrala P, Chava K V, Chandana T, Suresh R. Drug-induced gingival overgrowth: A critical insight into case reports from over two decades. J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2016; 20(5):496‑502.

12. Tungare S, Paranjpe AG. Drug Induced Gingival Overgrowth. 2020 Oct 5. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2020 Jan–. PMID: 30860753.

13. Hall EE. Prevention and treatment considerations in patients with drug-induced gingival enlargement. Curr Opin Periodontol. 1997;4:59-63.

14. Tyldesley WR, Rotter E. Gingival hyperplasia induced by cyclosporin-A. Br Dent J. 1984;157(9):305-9.

15. Grover V, Kapoor A, Marya CM. Amlodipine induced gingival hyperplasia. J Oral Health Commun Dent. 2007;1:19‑22.

16. Taylor BA. Management of drug-induced gingival enlargement. Aust Prescr. 2003;26:11‑3.


Submetido em:
13/07/2020

Aceito em:
03/09/2020

6a174a27a9539537ef7a6705 aaai Articles
Links & Downloads

Arq Asma Alerg Imunol

Share this page
Page Sections