Papel do genoma e do microbioma na patogenia e abordagem terapêutica da asma
Role of the genome and microbiome in the pathogenesis and treatment of asthma
Hisbello da Silva Campos
Resumo
Asma é uma denominação única para um conjunto de disfunções respiratórias que se expressam, clinicamente, por episódios repetidos, com intensidade variável de dispneia, sibilos, tosse e opressão torácica. A variação entre suas formas clínicas é resultante da participação e interação entre fatores genéticos, microbiômicos e ambientais. O progresso na área médica, ao incorporar novos recursos tecnológicos da biociência e bioinformática, vem desvendando a intimidade dos processos genéticos e moleculares envolvidos nos diferentes mecanismos patogênicos presentes na asma. Isso vem levando à identificação de novos alvos terapêuticos e à pesquisa de novos agentes medicamentosos. Ao mesmo tempo, a perspectiva de inserção paulatina desses recursos no cotidiano médico tem promovido mudanças na prática médica, que vem adotando os princípios da medicina de precisão. Possivelmente, estas mudanças melhorarão o horizonte dos asmáticos, uma população ainda desprovida de instrumentos terapêuticos totalmente efetivos.
Palavras-chave
Abstract
Asthma is a unique designation for a set of respiratory dysfunctions clinically expressed by repeated episodes of varying intensity of dyspnea, wheezing, cough, and chest oppression. The variation between its clinical forms is the result of the participation and interaction between genetic, microbiomic, and environmental factors. Progress in the medical field, with incorporation of new technological resources from bioscience and bioinformatics, has been unveiling the intimacy of genetic and molecular processes involved in the different pathogenic mechanisms present in asthma. This has led to the identification of new therapeutic targets and the search for new therapeutic agents. At the same time, the perspective of gradual insertion of these resources in daily medical activities has been promoting changes in medical practice, which has been adopting the principles of precision medicine. Possibly, these changes will provide a better future for asthmatic patients, a population still devoid of fully effective therapeutic instruments.
Keywords
Referências
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Submetido em:
20/04/2021
Aceito em:
25/04/2021
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