Análise da qualidade de vida em pacientes pediátricos com alergia alimentar
Quality of life assessment in pediatric patients with food allergy
Analice Val de Paula; Lídia Lacerda Guimarães; Leticia Luisa Mattos; Luiza Elian Reis; Érica Godinho Menezes; Wilson Rocha Filho
Resumo
Introdução: A alergia alimentar pode afetar o bem-estar dos pacientes e de seus familiares. Esse trabalho busca, por meio de questionário validado, investigar a qualidade de vida desses pacientes, acompanhados em um centro de tratamento multidisciplinar. Métodos: Pacientes entre 0 e 18 anos, monitorados no Ambulatório de Alergia Alimentar do Hospital Infantil João Paulo II entre 2012 e 2017, foram selecionados para responder a um questionário de avaliação de qualidade de vida com coleta de informações acerca do tipo de alergia, sua apresentação clínica, presença de dermatite atópica, prescrição ou não de kit de Adrenalina®, tempo de acompanhamento no serviço e tempo de acompanhamento por nutricionista. Resultados: Foram incluídos 77 pacientes, com idade média de 3,38 anos, em sua maioria revelando qualidade de vida regular (43%) e com acompanhamento no Serviço inferior a seis meses (52%). Daqueles acompanhados por nutricionista, 52,4% o faziam há menos de seis meses. Alergia IgE mediada foi identificada em 51% dos sujeitos da pesquisa, com 66,66% dos mesmos sob prescrição de kit de Adrenalina®. Não houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre qualidade de vida e as variáveis analisadas. Conclusão: O questionário de qualidade de vida é um importante instrumento de avaliação de pacientes com alergia alimentar, permitindo traçar o perfil dos mesmos e atuar individualmente nos quesitos que impactam negativamente o seu dia a dia.
Palavras-chave
Abstract
Background: Food allergy can affect the well-being of patients and their families. Objective: To investigate the quality of life of patients with food allergy followed up at a multidisciplinary treatment center using a validated questionnaire. Methods: Patients aged 0 to 18 years followed up at the Food Allergy Outpatient Clinic of João Paulo II Pediatric Hospital between 2012 and 2017 were invited to answer a quality-of-life assessment questionnaire for information on type of allergy, clinical presentation, presence of atopic dermatitis, prescription of an epinephrine kit, duration of follow-up at the clinic, and duration of follow-up with a dietitian. Results: A total of 77 patients were included, with a mean age of 3.38 years. Most participants rated their quality of life as fair (43%) and had less than 6 months of outpatient follow-up (52%). From those meeting with a dietitian, 52.4% had less than 6 months of follow-up. Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergy was identified in 51% of participants, and 66.66% of them required an epinephrine kit. There was no statistically significant association between quality of life and the study variables. Conclusion: A quality-of-life assessment questionnaire is an important tool for evaluating patients with food allergy, allowing us to profile these patients and to act individually on issues that might negatively impact their daily lives.
Keywords
Referências
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Submetido em:
07/03/2022
Aceito em:
17/06/2022
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